浅谈基层医疗机构职代会职权行使保障机制建设

在实践中,基层医疗机构职代会职权行使往往流于形式,职代会组织不能有效发挥其应有作用。分析原因,由于基层医疗机构具有明显区别于其他事业单位的行业特殊性,单位领导尤其是一把手对职代会作用的认识程度、重视程度、支持力度,对职代会职权行使产生重要影响,因而应建立包括学习培训制度、目标考核制度、督导调研制度、集体研究会议决定制度、权力监督约束制度在内的职代会职权行使保障机制,确保职代会作用的有效发挥。     

SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN IN FAMILY COURT CASES

This article presents a conceptual framework for describing cases involving children with special needs that are increasingly being seen in family court. Three categories that represent the most common of such cases include (1) acute, life-threatening medical conditions; (2) chronic developmental disorders; and (3) psychological and behavioral syndromes. After detailing the nature of the disabilities in each category, perspectives from the bench are offered with specific recommendations and general strategies for effective case management. This is followed by a proposal of an innovative conceptual model—the Individualized Parenting Plan (IPP)—that organizes and integrates nine domains essential for a comprehensive parenting plan for special needs children. The article concludes with a list of sixteen strategic guidelines for servicing the families of these special needs children, in their best interests.     

The Experience of Women Regarding Chilean Government Measures during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study explores the experience of ten possible beneficiaries of the measures provided by the Chilean government during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic through remote semi-structured interviews. The results show a scenario of improvisation. Instead of relying on solid gender equity policies, a patchwork of focused measures was implemented, which increased uncertainty and vulnerability. As a result, women experienced sorrow and despair while facing economic constraints and care tasks mostly on their own. This article shows that care remains invisible in politics while overwhelmingly evident at home. Social care policies are urgently needed.     

人道功利主义——当今医学道德的价值取向

医学道德规范体系的核心是医学道德的价值取向。在当代的医疗实践中 ,传统的医学道德价值取向不能够适应实践的需要。根据新的实践要求 ,重构医学道德的价值取向———人道功利主义 ,这是当今医疗卫生事业的性质及发展所决定的。因此 ,人道功利主义应是构建当今医德规范体系的基石。     

论《消费者权益保护法》第49条对医疗纠纷的适用问题

医患关系是以生活消费为内容的消费关系 ,存在医患双方事实上的实力对比的悬殊 ,对医疗纠纷应当适用《消费者权益保护法》第 49条有关惩罚性赔偿的规定     

家庭决策、孝道与农民工家庭养老--基于夫妻视角的分析

利用2014年“农村流动人口发展状况”调查数据，基于夫妻视角对现代家庭决策与传统孝道观念行为对农民工家庭养老的影响进行分析的结果表明，农民工夫妻在父母经济支持和日常照料方面不存在显著差异，但在情感支持方面差异显著。影响因素分析结果表明：在经济支持和情感支持方面，对丈夫而言，平等的家庭决策和孝道观念是重要因素；对妻子而言，影响因素主要体现在孝道行为。在日常照料方面，影响因素仅仅体现在家庭决策方面，丈夫表现在现金支配决策方面，妻子表现在子女教育和自己外出打工决策方面。     

农村留守儿童健康成长的环境优化研究

农村留守儿童成长宏观环境可以归纳为以下四类:即国家和政府层面的有关留守儿童的法律政策环境;人口迁移流动背景下留守儿童减量化措施所构成的制度和发展规划性环境;新农村建设和"三农"问题解决背景下农村儿童工作特别是社区工作所构成的农村社区儿童工作环境;留守儿童问题及工作相关媒体宣传倡导所构成的传媒环境。针对上述4类环境及其优化进行分析并提出对策建议具有重要意义。     

“多次违法行为”入罪之思考——以多次非法行医为视角

我国法律规定未取得医生执业资格的人非法行医,被卫生行政部门行政处罚两次以后,再次非法行医的,应当以非法行医罪追究其刑事责任。此种将多次行政处罚后再实施违法的行为纳入刑事犯罪构成要件或者说作为罪量要素的定罪模式是合理的,不违反禁止重复评价原则和刑法谦抑性原则。但为了防止刑事制裁范围的肆意扩大,应从违法主体、违法程序及违法次数上对"非法行医被二次行政处罚后再次非法行医"入罪进行一定的限制,以实现人权保障和惩罚犯罪的有机统一。     

刑事强制医疗客观要件的反思与重构

强制医疗的客观要件包括行为条件和侵害法益条件两方面。通过对司法实践的考察发现:强制医疗的客观要件不仅存在放任精神病人继续实施危害社会行为的风险,而且还存在不规范适用的情况。出现上述问题的根源在于强制医疗的客观要件自身具有不合理性,只有改革强制医疗的客观要件,才能够化解风险、规范司法适用。不限制危害行为和侵害法益是国外强制医疗客观要件的普遍模式。我国应当将"实施的行为的社会危害性已经达到犯罪程度"作为强制医疗的客观要件,同时有必要丰富强制医疗的执行方式,在住院治疗之外,增加门诊治疗。     

Rental Housing Assistance and Health: Evidence From the Survey of Income and Program Participation

Interest in the health impacts of renter housing assistance has grown in the wake of heated national discussions on health care and social welfare spending. Assistance may improve renters’ health by offering (a) low, fixed housing costs; (b) protection against eviction; and (c) access to better homes and neighborhoods. Using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation and econometric analysis, I estimate the effect of receiving assistance from the public housing or Section 8 voucher programs on low-income renters’ reported health status and spending. Assisted renters spent less on health care over the year than unassisted low-income renters did, after controlling for other characteristics. This finding suggests that assisted housing leads to health benefits that may reduce low-income renters’ need to purchase health services. Voucher holders’ lower expenditures are influenced by their low, fixed housing costs, but public housing residents’ lower expenditures are not explained by existing theory.